Map of the Amazon region: The Amazon region, which makes up half of Ecuador's land mass, is home to many different indigenous communities and hence exhibits vast linguistic diversity. This is an important factor that makes Ecuador a multilingual, multiethnic, and multicultural country.

Shuaras: The Shuara are one of the most famous communities in the world, known for tsantsa which is a practice of head shrinking. This practice is usually part of a ritual in which the head of a deceased person is objectified into a war trophy that is sent to the enemy, usually its best warriors or shamans.

Waorani: The Waorani are another famous community in the Amazon whose culture is mysterious because they have been cut off from civilization for so long. They are one of the most spiritual communities in the Ecuadorian jungle.

Now let's head downstairs.